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Trigger Thumb
January 29, 2024
Pedsortho.com Staff
Topics - Congenital
Nature, Causes, and Treatment of Trigger Thumb in Children
Trigger thumb in children, also known as pediatric trigger thumb or stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition where the thumb gets stuck in a bent position, as if squeezing a trigger. It typically affects children under the age of 6 and can be present at birth or develop in early childhood. Here are key aspects of this condition:
Characteristics
Fixed Bent Thumb: The thumb may be locked in a bent position or have a noticeable click when extended.
Painless Condition: Initially, trigger thumb is usually painless.
Difficulty in Straightening Thumb: The child may struggle to extend the thumb fully.
Causes
Nodule Formation: The condition is often due to the development of a nodule on the tendon that controls thumb movement.
Tendon Sheath Inflammation: The sheath surrounding the tendon becomes too narrow, restricting the tendon's movement.
Risk Factors
Age and Gender: More common in children under 6, with no significant gender difference.
Congenital Factors: Some children are born with a predisposition to the condition.
Diagnosis
Physical Examination: A doctor can diagnose trigger thumb by examining the thumb and observing its movement.
Medical History: Taking note of any relevant family history or developmental milestones.
Treatment
Observation and Monitoring: In some cases, especially in very young children, the condition can resolve on its own.
Stretching Exercises: Gentle stretching of the thumb may be recommended.
Splinting: Immobilizing the thumb can sometimes help in correcting the condition.
Surgery: In persistent or severe cases, a simple surgical procedure to release the tendon may be necessary.
Prognosis
Spontaneous Resolution: Many cases of trigger thumb in young children resolve without treatment.
Excellent Outcomes with Surgery: When surgery is needed, it is generally very successful with minimal complications.
Long-Term Outlook
Normal Function: Most children regain normal thumb movement after treatment.
Rare Recurrence: Recurrence of trigger thumb after treatment is uncommon.
It's important to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate management, especially if the condition persists or affects the child's hand function. Regular follow-up is important to ensure proper healing and recovery.